Rumination and Self-destructive Thoughts in People with Depression
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.29173/bsuj281Mots-clés :
self, self-awareness, goal-setting, worry, rumination, depression, hopelessness, self-destruction, suicideRésumé
Increasing rates of suicide have peaked interest in how individuals with depression may view their environment differently and have abnormal thought processes compared to non-depressed individuals. In order to explore how depressive thought processes lead to completed suicide, this review of literature looks at research and theoretical explanations of rumination, self-destructive thoughts, and feelings of hopelessness. People with depression are more attentive to both their own and other people’s actions and have a strong desire for control. Rumination prevents effective problem solving and increases the duration of depressive symptoms. Highly self-aware individuals often attend to discrepancies between the real self and who they wish to be, which causes distress and overthinking about negative aspects of problems while neglecting the development of solutions. Suicide is one method of escaping the self when these discrepancies become salient and continual failure also leads to feelings of hopelessness. Positive distraction such as getting involved in hobbies as well as the promotion of optimistic and hopeful thoughts may help depressive ruminators refrain from negative thoughts and may ultimately help prevent suicide.
Références
Chatard, A., & Selimbegović, L. (2011). When self-destructive thoughts flash through the mind: Failure to meet standards affects the accessibility of suicide-related thoughts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(4), 587-605. doi:10.1037/a0022461
Dean, P. J., & Range, L. M. (1999). Testing the escape theory of suicide in an outpatient clinical population. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23(6), 561-572. doi:10.1023/A:1018728606568
Donaldson, C., Lam, D., & Mathews, A. (2007). Rumination and attention in major depression. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(11), 2664-2678. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.07.002
Gleicher, F., & Weary, G. (1991). Effect of depression on quantity and quality of social inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(1), 105-114. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.105
Huffziger, S., & Kuehner, C. (2009). Rumination, distraction, and mindful self-focus in depressed patients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(3), 224-230. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.005
Jones, N. P., Papadakis, A. A., Hogan, C. M., & Strauman, T. J. (2009). Over and over again: Rumination, reflection, and promotion goal failure and their interactive effects on depressive symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(3), 254-259. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.007
Morrison, R., & O'Connor, R. C. (2008). A systematic review of the relationship between rumination and suicidality. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 38(5), 523-538.
Moulds, M. L., Kandris, E., Starr, S., & Wong, A. C. (2007). The relationship between rumination, avoidance and depression in a non-clinical sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(2), 251-261. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.003
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400-424. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x
Selimbegović, L., & Chatard, A. (2013). The mirror effect: Self-awareness alone increases suicide thought accessibility. Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal, 22(3), 756-764. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2013.04.014
Takano, K., & Tanno, Y. (2009). Self-rumination, self-reflection, and depression: Self-rumination counteracts the adaptive effect of self-reflection. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(3), 260-264. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.008
Tucker, R. P., Wingate, L. R., O’Keefe, V. M., Mills, A. C., Rasmussen, K., Davidson, C. L., & Grant, D. M. (2013). Rumination and suicidal ideation: The moderating roles of hope and optimism. Personality & Individual Differences, 55(5), 606-611. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.013
Watkins, E. R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2014). A habit-goal framework of depressive rumination. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(1), 24-34. doi:10.1037/a0035540
Téléchargements
Publié-e
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
© Kelsie Moore 2015
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 non transposé.
Note: The author is prepared to hold their copyright under Creative Commons, meaning the author retains copyright and agrees to open sharing of their manuscript for educational purposes. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before, during, or after the publication process with BSUJ, as it can lead to productive exchanges, reviews, and citations of published work.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
